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7. Random Access Adjustment Mode
Vertical refresh
[sync/async]
The way of updating the image information. Not available for PAL-NTSC-SECAM sources. This
option will be displayed in gray.
• For sources with a vertical frequency up to 60 Hz : the vertical refresh rate is the same as the
vertical frequency of the incoming source. This is a necessity to project moving images without
’motion artifacts’. For stationary images with a vertical frequency up to 60 Hz it is still possible
to use asynchronous refresh. When loading Pal, Secam, NTSC-files the synchronous mode is
default, for all other sources below 60 Hz asynchronous mode is default.
• For sources with a vertical frequency higher that 60 Hz : the vertical refresh is different than the
vertical frequency of the incoming source. Synchronous refresh cannot be used.
Film mode detection:
[On] or [Off]
Detects in the [on] mode if the source is film or video. Use the ENTER key to toggle between [on] or [off]
When enabled, the hardware looks for tell-tale signs of 3:2 or 2:2 pull-down sequences. These are the
result of converting cinema material recorded at 24 frames-per-second to the television frequencies of
60 or 50 interlaced fields per second respectively. When FILM conversion is detected, the original
24 frames-per-second are restored. This avoids deinterlacing artefacts, and results in a perfect
artefact-free display. Note that in some cases (video clips, scrolling newstickers,...) FILM and VIDEO
material are mixed on one screen. This may confuse the detector and cause it to go into FILM
restoration mode. This will cause "jaggies" or motion artefacts. In such cases, disabling FILM mode
processing is the best cure.
Banner Protect: [On]
or [Off]
Only active when film mode detection is in the on position. Use the ENTER key to toggle between
[on] or [off].
FILM mode processing normally processes the entire display, but this may cause problems on sources
where video and FILM content are mixed. One very common example is scrolling banners at the
bottom of the screen (e.g. financial news). For those cases, the "banner protect" feature will force the
bottom quarter of the screen to be always processed in VIDEO mode, regardless of the rest of the
screen, which may be either video or FILM mode.
3:2 pull-down
Method used to map the 24 fps of film onto the 30 fps (60 fields) or 25 fps (50 fields), so that one film frame occupies
three video fields, the next two, etc. It means the two fields of every other video frame come from different film frames
making operations such as rotoscoping impossible, and requiring care in editing. Some sophisticated equipment can
unravel the 3:2 sequence to allow frame-by-frame treatment and subsequently re-compose 3:2. The 3:2 sequence
repeats every five video frames and four film frames, the latter identified as A-D. Only film frame A is fully on a video
frame and so exists at one time code only, making it the editable point of the video sequence.
2:2 pull-down
The process
of transferring 24-frames/sec film format into video by repeating each frame (used for PAL DVD’s) as two
video fields. ( AD )
Artefacts
Undesirable elements or defects in a video picture. These may occur naturally in the video process and must be
eliminated in order to achieve a high-quality picture. Most common in analog are cross color and cross luminance.
Most common in digital are macroblocks, which resemble pixelation of the video image.
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