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development, testing, modeling, and
c
ommercialization, these new papers represent
dramatic improvements in print life for all
professional market segments.
F
or more information on design and balancing
of light and thermal degradation mechanisms, see
the Kodak Research and Development
Web site Tech Brief from January 2002 at
http://www.kodak.com/US/en/corp/researchDevel
opment/productFeatures/balance.shtml.
For an in-depth discussion, see “The Importance of
the Balance of Light and Thermal Image Stability
Effects in the Design of Photographic Color Paper.”
19
Habits in Imag
e Usage—Practical Print-Life
Examples for the End-User
All KODAK PROFESSIONAL ENDURA Papers are
designed to last for more than 200 years before
noticeable changes occur in typical home dark-
storage environments, such as albums. In the typical
home display environment, the new papers will last
over 100 years before noticeable changes occur.
Although the vast majority of end-user images in
the portrait and social environment are stored in the
dark, many images are displayed. In the mid-1990s
an informal survey asked U.S. professional portrait
finishing labs about practical print-life expectations
for displayed images. Specifically, it asked how
many of the images made for display would still be
on display after various times. The data from the
survey are shown in
Table 4.
Table 4
Informal Survey of Length of Display of
P
rofessional Prints
For various reasons, such as home redecorating and
div
orce, the majority of images placed on display
are often taken down after 10 years.
Considering the balanc
e of thermal and light fade in
the portrait/social environment, the additive effects
of thermal and light degradation, and the fact that
many images displayed initially are eventually
stored in the dark, it is possible to calculate
practical print-life estimates. The estimates are
based on the combined rates of display and dark-
storage fade.
Table 5 gives several estimates.
19
J. LaBarca and S. O’Dell, “The Importance of the Balance of Light and
Thermal Image Stability Effects in the Design of Photographic Color Paper,”
Proceedings of IS&T’s 12th International Symposium on Photofinishing Technology,
2002, pp. 38–47.
11
Image Age Approximate Images Still
(Years) on Display
5 54 percent
10 42 percent
20 21 percent
40 1.9 percent
60 Virtually none