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Glossary
167
C
cache—A section of very fast memory in which frequently used
information is duplicated for quick access. Accessing data from
cache is faster than accessing it from the computer’s main memory.
See also CPU cache, L1 cache, L2 cache.
CD—An individual compact disc. See also CD-ROM.
CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory)—A form of high-
capacity storage that uses laser optics instead of magnetic means for
reading data. See also CD. Compare DVD-ROM.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)—The chip that functions as the “brain”
of the computer. It takes information from outside sources, such as
memory or keyboard input, processes the information, and sends the
results to another device that uses the information.
character—Any letter, number, or symbol you can use on the computer.
Some characters are non-printing characters, such as a paragraph
break in a word-processing program. A character occupies one byte
of computer storage.
Charm/Charms—Start screen icons that slide out from the right side of
the screen and direct you to various Windows
®
functions.
chip—A small piece of silicon containing computer logic and circuits for
processing, memory, input/output, and/or control functions. Chips
are mounted on printed circuit boards.
click—To press and release the pointing device’s primary button without
moving the pointing device. In the Windows
®
operating system, this
refers to the pointing device’s left button, unless otherwise stated.
See also double-click.
color palette—A set of specified colors that establishes the colors that
can be displayed on the screen at a particular time.
compatibility—The extent to which computers, programs, or devices
can work together harmoniously, using the same commands,
formats, or language as another.
configuration—(1) The collection of components that make up a single
computer system. (2) How parts of the system are set up (that is,
configured).
controller—A device that controls the transfer of data from a computer
to a peripheral device and vice versa. For example, disk drives,
monitors, keyboards, and printers all require controllers.