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A PP L IC AT IO N S:
Used in statistics (probability calculations) and in simulation hypoth-
eses in fields such as medicine, pharmaceutics, and physics. Also,
can be used to determine the chances of winning in lotteries.
Permutations, Combinations
<Example>
This function finds the number of different possible orderings in selecting
r objects from a set of n objects. For example, there are six different
ways of ordering the letters ABC in groups of three letters—ABC , AC B,
BAC , BC A, C AB, and C BA.
The calculation equation is
3
P
3
= 3 x 2 x 1 = 6 (ways).
This function finds the number of ways of selecting r objects from a set of
n objects. For example, from the three letters ABC , there are three ways
we can extract groups of two different letters—AB, AC , and C B.
The calculation equation is
3
C
2
.
DEG
DEG
O per ation D isplay