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Constellation.2 SAS Product Manual, Rev. H 45
The drive firmware error recovery algorithms consist of 20 levels for read recoveries and five levels for write.
Each level may consist of multiple steps, where a step is defined as a recovery function involving a single re-
read or re-write attempt. The maximum level used by the drive in LBA recovery is determined by the read and
write retry counts.
Table 4 equates the read and write retry count with the maximum possible recovery time for read and write
recovery of individual LBAs. The times given do not include time taken to perform reallocations. Reallocations
are performed when the ARRE bit (for reads) or AWRE bit (for writes) is one, the RC bit is zero, and the recov-
ery time limit for the command has not yet been met. Time needed to perform reallocation is not counted
against the recovery time limit.
When the RC bit is one, reallocations are disabled even if the ARRE or AWRE bits are one. The drive will still
perform data recovery actions within the limits defined by the Read Retry Count, Write Retry Count, and
Recovery Time Limit parameters. However, the drive does not report any unrecovered errors.
* For read retry count, every tick ~ 5% of total error recovery. Valid range setting is 1-20.
e.g. 1 ~ 5%
5 ~ 25%
20 ~ 100%
Setting these retry counts to a value below the default setting could result in degradation of the unrecovered
error rate. For example, suppose the read/write recovery page has the RC bit = 0 and if the read retry count is
set to 5, this means ~ 25% of error recovery will be executed which consumes 621.62 ms (please refer to the
table above). If the limit is reached and a LBA has not yet been recovered (i.e. requires retries beyond 621.62
ms), the command will end with Check Condition status report and unrecoverable read error will be reported.
10.3 SAS system errors
Information on the reporting of operational errors or faults across the interface is given in the SAS Interface
Manual. The SSP Response returns information to the host about numerous kinds of errors or faults. The
Receive Diagnostic Results reports the results of diagnostic operations performed by the drive.
Status returned by the drive to the initiator is described in the SAS Interface Manual. Status reporting plays a
role in systems error management and its use in that respect is described in sections where the various com-
mands are discussed.
Table 4: Read and write retry count maximum recovery times
Read retry count*
Maximum recovery time per
LBA (cumulative, msec) Write retry count
Maximum recovery time per
LBA (cumulative, msec)
0 33.32
1 124.32 1 74.97
5 621.62 2 103.92
10 1243.23 3 128.91
15 1864.85 4 220.09
20 (default) 2486.47 5 (default) 278.40