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Basically, AC97 CODEC is the standard structure of PCI sound card. As we know, computer is digital-based, but music is based
on analog-based. Therefore, there must be a process to turn digital into analog during the last stage processing of sound in
computer. Hence, the component on sound card that play this important task is what we called CODEC.
Audio CODEC 97 (briefly called AC97) is the specification regulated by Intel, and it’s about the structure of audio conversion.
The special place about CODEC is that it is separated from sound card (CODEC is an independent chipset). Therefore, PCI
sound card could possess with 90db and do other application process as well. We called CODEC that meets this structure AC97
CODEC.
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ACPI is the power management specification of PC97 (1997). It intends to save more power by taking full control of power
management to operating system and bypass BIOS
. The chipset or super I/O chip needs to provide standard register interface
to operating system (such as Windows 98). This is a bit similar as the PnP
register interface. ACPI defines ATX momentary soft
power switch to control the power state transition.
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Building on the PC motherboard riser architecture, ACR slot is backward compatible with AMR but beyond the limitation of it.
The ACR specification is designed to support modem, audio, Local Area Network (LAN) and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL).