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Specification guide
Single UPS, three-phase, 160 to 500 kVA
(cont.)
APC by Schneider Electric Edition - 01/2010 Single UPS spec - p.
2
1. UPS definition
1.1. Purpose
The purpose of this specification is to define the design, manufacture and testing characteristics required in view of
supplying, putting into operation and maintaining an Uninterruptible Power Supply (referred to as a UPS
hereinafter).
The UPS shall be designed to supply dependable electric power to:
1.2. Brief description
The UPS shall be a single UPS, operating in double-conversion mode (also called on-line mode); it shall be a VFI-
type UPS (as per standard IEC 62040-2), made up of the following components, described in detail in this
specification:
ω Rectifier
ω Battery charger
ω Inverter
ω Battery
ω Automatic bypass (via a static switch)
ω Manual bypass (for maintenance)
ω User and communications interface
ω Battery management system
ω Any and all other devices required for safe operation and maintenance, including circuit breakers, switches, etc.
2. Operating principles
The UPS shall operate in double-conversion mode as indicated below.
2.1. Normal operation
(normal AC source available)
The rectifier shall supply the inverter and the charger with DC current. The inverter shall continuously supply the
load with backed up electrical energy and the charger shall float charge the battery.
2.2. Operation on battery power
(normal AC source not available or outside tolerances)
Upon failure or excessive deterioration of the normal AC source, the inverter shall continue to supply the load from
battery power without interruption or disturbance, within the limits imposed by the battery backup time.
2.3. Battery recharging
(normal AC source restored)
When the normal AC source is restored, the rectifier shall again power the inverter, without interruption or
disturbance to the load, while the charger automatically recharges the battery.
2.4. Transfer to bypass AC source
In case of a major overload or if the UPS shuts down, the static switch shall instantaneously transfer the load,
without a break in the supply of power, to the bypass AC source if it is available and within tolerances.
Transfer of the load back to the UPS output, synchronized with the bypass AC source, shall be automatic or
manual. During transfer, the load shall not suffer an outage or disturbance in the supply of power.
On request, the UPS system may automatically transfer the load with a micro-interruption (adjustable from 15 to
1000 ms) if a major fault occurs on the UPS system and if synchronization with the bypass source has not been
established.
2.5. UPS maintenance
For maintenance purposes, the UPS shall include a mechanical manual bypass system with one-button operation.
For personnel safety during servicing or testing, this system shall be designed to isolate the UPS while continuing
to supply power to the load from the bypass AC source. The UPS shall also include a device making it possible to
isolate the rectifier and the charger from the normal AC source.