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Glossary
N
software that you would find on the public Internet, but that is only for internal use.
IP Internet Protocol he IP (currently IP version 4, or IPv4), is the underlying protocol for
routing packets on the Internet and other TCP/IP-based networks.
IPCP (PPP) IP Control Protocol allows changes to IP parameters such as the IP address.
IPX Internetwork Packet eXchange The native NetWare internetworking protocol is IPX
(Internetwork Packet Exchange). Like IP (Internet Protocol), IPX is an internetworking
protocol that provides datagram services.
ISP Internet Service Providers provide connections into the Internet for home users and
businesses. There are local, regional, national, and global ISPs. You can think of local
ISPs as the gatekeepers into the Internet.
LAN Local Area Network is a shared communication system to which many computers are
attached. A LAN, as its name implies, is limited to a local area. This has to do more
with the electrical characteristics of the medium than the fact that many early LANs
were designed for departments, although the latter accurately describes a LAN as well.
LANs have different topologies, the most common being the linear bus and the star
configuration.
MAC On a local area network (LAN) or other network, the MAC (Media Access Control)
address is your computer's unique hardware number. (On an Ethernet LAN, it's the
same as your Ethernet address.) The MAC layer frames data for transmission over the
network, then passes the frame to the physical layer interface where it is transmitted as
a stream of bits.
NAT Network Address Translation is the translation of an Internet Protocol address used
within one network to a different IP address known within another network - see also
SUA.
NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification is a Windows specification for how
communication protocol programs (such as TCP/IP) and network device drivers should
communicate with each other.
NetBIOS Network Basic Input / Output System. NetBIOS is an extension of the DOS BIOS that
enables a PC to connect to and communicate with a LAN.
Network Any time you connect 2 or more computers together so that they can share resources,
you have a computer network. Connect 2 or more networks together and you have an
internet.
NIC Network Interface Card. A board that provides network communication capabilities to
and from a computer system. Also called an adapter.
Node Any single computer connected to a network