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intelligent wireless platform
airClient™ Nexus User Guide
According to the IEEE 802.11 standard, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is intended to provide
“confidentiality that is subjectively equivalent to the confidentiality of a wired local area network medium
and that does not employ cryptographic techniques to enhance privacy.”
WEP relies on a secret key that is shared between a mobile station and an access point. WEP uses the
RC4 stream cipher invented by RSA Data Security. RC4 is a symmetric stream cipher that uses the same
variable length key for encryption and decryption. With WEP enabled, the sender encrypts the data frame
payload and replaces the original payload with the encrypted payload. The sender then forwards the
encrypted frame to its destination. The encrypted data frames are sent with the MAC header WEP bit set.
Thus, the receiver knows to use the shared WEP key to decrypt the payload and recover the original
frame. The new frame, with an unencrypted payload can then be passed to an upper layer protocol.
WEP keys can be either statically configured or dynamically generated. In either case, WEP has been
found to be easily broken.
WPA
Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a replacement security standard for WEP. It is a subset of the IEEE
802.11i standard being developed. WPA makes use of TKIP to deliver security superior to WEP. 802.1X
access control is still employed. The Authentication Server provides the material for creating the keys.
Packet Concatenation
Packet concatenation will increase the throughput of the equipment by simply buffering the packets at the
transmitter and convert them into superframe for the transmission over the wireless interface.
Packet Bursting
Packet bursting is for increasing the throughput by increasing the window size and reducing the time for
acknowledgement.
Packet Compression
LZO compression is being used to achieve more throughputs.
COFDM
COFDM involves modulating the data onto a large number of carriers using the FDM technique. The Key
features which makes it work, in a manner is so well suited to terrestrial channels, includes:
• Orthogonality (the “O” of COFDM);
• The addition of Guard interval;
• The use of error coding (the “C” of COFDM), interleaving and channel-state information
COFDM is resistant to multipath effects because it uses multiple carriers to transmit the same signal.
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
STP is a Layer 2 link management protocol that provides path redundancy while preventing loops in the
network. For a Layer 2 Ethernet network to function properly, only one active path can exist between any
two stations. Spanning-tree operation is transparent to end stations, which cannot detect whether they
are connected to a single LAN segment or to a LAN of multiple segments.
RIP
The most popular of the TCP/IP interior routing protocols is the Routing Information Protocol (RIP). RIP is
used to dynamically exchange routing information. RIP routers broadcast their routing tables every 30
seconds by default. Other RIP equipments will listen for these RIP broadcasts and update their own route
tables.
DHCP