Typographic Conventions
The following table describes the typographic changes that are used in this book.
TABLEP–3 TypographicConventions
Typeface Meaning Example
AaBbCc123 The names ofcommands, les, and
directories, and onscreencomputer
output
Edit your .login le.
Use ls -a to list all les.
machine_name% you have mail.
AaBbCc123 What you type,contrasted with onscreen
computer output
machine_name% su
Password:
AaBbCc123 A placeholder tobe replaced with a real
name or value
The command toremove a le is rm lename.
AaBbCc123 Book titles, new terms, andterms to be
emphasized (note thatsome emphasized
items appear boldonline)
Read Chapter 6in the User's Guide.
A cache isa copy that is stored locally.
Do not savethe le.
Symbol Conventions
The following table explains symbols that might be used in this book.
TABLEP–4 SymbolConventions
Symbol Description Example Meaning
[] Contains optional arguments
and command options.
ls [-l] The -l option isnot required.
{|} Contains a setof choices for a
required command option.
-d {y|n} The -d option requiresthat you use
either the yargument or the n
argument.
${ } Indicates avariable
reference.
${com.sun.javaRoot} References the valueof the
com.sun.javaRoot variable.
- Joins simultaneous multiple
keystrokes.
Control-A Press the Control keywhile you press
the A key.
+ Joinsconsecutive multiple
keystrokes.
Ctrl+A+N Press the Control key, release it,and
then press thesubsequent keys.
Preface
15