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266 Glossary
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• The client computer can be remotely shut down and
restarted.
• Since PXE is an industry standard, new computers
can easily be added to the network.
RAID
Redundant Array of Independent Disks. A system of
two or more drives working together for performance
and fault tolerance. RAID drives are typically used on
servers and high-end PCs.
There are a number of different RAID levels. The
three most common are 0, 3, and 5:
• Level 0: Provides data striping but no redundancy.
This improves performance but does not provide
fault tolerance.
• Level 3: Same as Level 0, but also reserves one
dedicated drive for error correction data, providing
good performance and some level of fault tolerance.
• Level 5: Provides data striping at the byte level and
also stripe error correction information. This results
in excellent performance and good fault tolerance.
RAM
Random-access memory. The primary temporary
storage area for program instructions and data. RAM
is stored in chips on small circuit boards called
SIMMs, DIMMs, or RIMMs, that attach to the
system board. RAM, unlike ROM, is volatile, which
means that, when you turn off your computer, any
information stored in RAM is lost.
Rambus
Rambus is a memory technology that is designed to
work with existing system board standards as an
alternative to DRAM. See also RIMM, RDRAM, and
DRDRAM.
RDRAM
Rambus dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). A
memory subsystem that can optimally transfer up to
1.6 billion bytes of data per second. The subsystem
consists of RAM, the RAM controller, and the bus
connecting RAM to the microprocessor and other
devices in the computer. See also DRDRAM.
Remote Wake Up
A standard of WfM that provides the ability either to
remotely wake a computer from a low-power sleep
state or to remotely start a computer that is turned
off but connected to a power source. Remote Wake
Up, typically used to conserve power in large network
organizations and to remotely perform
maintenance/configuration operations, must be
supported by an ACPI-compatible computer.
Additionally, to start by a network connection, the
network adapter must support WOL. To start by a
telephone connection, the modem must support
WOR.
RIMM
Rambus in-line memory module. A slim circuit board
containing RDRAM chips. RIMMs are plugged into
sockets on the computer's system board to add
memory to the computer. They typically must be
installed in matched pairs, meaning two sockets
forming a pair must contain RIMMs of identical
capacity, number of RDRAM chips, and speed. See
also SIMM and DIMM.
RJ45
A form of connector resembling a standard telephone
jack that is typically used to connect Ethernet and
Token Ring network adapters and cables. Unlike a
telephone jack, an RJ45 connector has eight wires
instead of two, four, or six.
ROM
Read-only memory. Memory that stores data and
programs that cannot be deleted or written to by the
computer. ROM, unlike RAM, retains its contents
even after you turn off your computer. Some
programs essential to the operation of your computer
reside in ROM.