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34 www.xilinx.com MicroBlaze Processor Reference Guide
1-800-255-7778 UG081 (v6.0) June 1, 2006
Chapter 1: MicroBlaze Architecture
R
Reset
When a Reset or Debug_Rst
(1)
occurs, MicroBlaze will flush the pipeline and start fetching
instructions from the reset vector (address 0x0). Both external reset signals are active high, and
should be asserted for a minimum of 16 cycles.
Equivalent Pseudocode
PC ← 0x00000000
MSR
← C_RESET_MSR (see “MicroBlaze Core Configurability” in Chapter 2)
EAR
← 0
ESR
← 0
FSR
← 0
Hardware Exceptions
MicroBlaze can be configured to trap the following internal error conditions: illegal
instruction, instruction and data bus error, and unaligned access. The divide by zero
exception can only be enabled if the processor is configured with a hardware divider
(C_USE_DIV=1). When configured with a hardware floating point unit (C_USE_FPU=1), it
can also trap the following floating point specific exceptions: underflow, overflow, float
division-by-zero, invalid operation, and denormalized operand error.
A hardware exception will cause MicroBlaze to flush the pipeline and branch to the
hardware exception vector (address 0x20). The exception will also load the decode stage
program counter value into the general purpose register R17. The execution stage
instruction in the exception cycle is not executed. If the exception is caused by an
instruction in a branch delay slot, then the ESR[DS] bit will be set. In this case the exception
handler should resume execution from the branch target address, stored in BTR.
The EE and EIP bits in MSR are automatically reverted when executing the RTED
instruction.
Exception Causes
• Instruction Bus Exception
The instruction On-chip Peripheral Bus exception is caused by an active error signal
from the slave (IOPB_errAck) or timeout signal from the arbiter (IOPB_timeout). The
instructions side local memory (ILMB) and CacheLink (IXCL) interfaces can not cause
instruction bus exceptions.
• Illegal Opcode Exception
The illegal opcode exception is caused by an instruction with an invalid major opcode
(bits 0 through 5 of instruction). Bits 6 through 31 of the instruction are not checked.
Optional processor instructions are detected as illegal if not enabled.
• Data Bus Exception
The data On-chip Peripheral Bus exception is caused by an active error signal from the
slave (DOPB_errAck) or timeout signal from the arbiter (DOPB_timeout). The data
side local memory (DLMB) and CacheLink (DXCL) interfaces can not cause data bus
exceptions.
1. Reset input controlled by the XMD debugger via MDM