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Glossary I
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Host
Any computer on a network that is a repository for services available to other
computers on the network. It is quite common to have one host machine provide several
services, such as WWW and USENET.
HTTP
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The most common protocol used on the Internet. HTTP
is the primary protocol used for web sites and web browsers. It is also prone to certain
kinds of attacks.
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IANA
Internet Assigned Number Authority acts as the clearing house to assign and coordinate
the use of numerous Internet protocol parameters such as Internet addresses, domain
names, protocol numbers, and more. Use a search engine to find the current IANA web
site.
ICMP
Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol
between a host server and a gateway to the Internet ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP)
datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and are not directly
apparent to the application user.
Internet
(Upper case "I"). The vast collection of inter-connected networks that use TCP/IP
protocols evolved from the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)
of the late 1960's and early 1970's.
internet
(Lower case "i"). Any time you connect two or more networks together, you have an
internet.
Intranet
A private network inside a company or organization that uses the same kinds of
software that you would find on the public Internet, but that is only for internal use.
IP
Internet Protocol. (Currently IP version 4 or IPv4). The underlying protocol for
routing packets on the Internet and other TCP/IP-based networks.
IP Pool
Internet Protocol Pool refers to the collective group of IP addresses located in any
particular place (for example, LAN, WAN, Ethernet, etc.).
ISP
Internet Service Providers provide connections into the Internet for home users and
businesses. There are local, regional, national, and global ISPs. You can think of local
ISPs as the gatekeepers into the Internet.
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