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Communication
Communication has four components: sender, receiver, message, and medium. In networks,
devices and application tasks and processes communicate messages to each other over media.
They represent the sender and receivers. The data they send is the message. The cabling or
transmission method they use is the medium.
Connection
In networking, two devices establish a connection to communicate with each other.
D
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol was developed by Microsoft a protocol for assigning
dynamic IP addresses to devices on a network. With dynamic addressing, a device can have a
different IP address every time it connects to the network. In some systems, the device's IP
address can even change while it is still connected. DHCP also supports a mix of static and
dynamic IP addresses. This simplifies the task for network administrators because the software
keeps track of IP addresses rather than requiring an administrator to manage the task. This means
a new computer can be added to a network without the hassle of manually assigning it a unique
IP address. DHCP allows the specification for the service provided by a router, gateway, or other
network device that automatically assigns an IP address to any device that requests one
DNS
Domain Name System is an Internet service that translates domain names into IP addresses. Since
domain names are alphabetic, they're easier to remember. The Internet however, is really based
on IP addresses every time you use a domain name the DNS will translate the name into the
corresponding IP address. For example, the domain name www.network_camera.com might
translate to 192.167.222.8.
E
Enterprise network
An enterprise network consists of collections of networks connected to each other over a
geographically dispersed area. The enterprise network serves the needs of a widely distributed
company and operates the company’s mission-critical applications.
Ethernet
The most popular LAN communication technology. There are a variety of types of Ethernet,
including 10 Mbps (traditional Ethernet), 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet), and 1,000 Mbps (Gigabit
Ethernet). Most Ethernet networks use Category 5 cabling to carry information, in the form of
electrical signals, between devices. Ethernet is an implementation of CSMA/CD that operates in a
bus or star topology.
F
Fast Ethernet
Fast Ethernet, also called 100BASE-T, operates at 10 or 100Mbps per second over UTP, STP, or
fiber-optic media.
Firewall
Firewall is considered the first line of defense in protecting private information. For better
security, data can be encrypted. A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a
private network. Firewalls are frequently used to prevent unauthorized Internet users from
accessing private networks connected to the Internet, especially Intranets all messages entering or
leaving the intranet pass through the firewall, which examines each message and blocks those
that do not meet the specified security criteria.
G
Gateway
A gateway links computers that use different data formats together.
Group
Groups consist of several user machines that have similar characteristics such as being in the
same department.
H