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Glossary
GL-2
April 2001 8000-A2-GB26-50
CPU
Central Processing Unit. The main or only computing device in a data processing system.
CRC
Cyclic Redundancy Check. A mathematical method of confirming the integrity of received
digital data.
default route
The address used for routing packets whose destination is not in the routing table. In
Routing Information Protocol (RIP), this is IP address 0.0.0.0.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. A Microsoft protocol for dynamically allocating IP
addresses.
DHCP Relay Agent
A system that detects and forwards DHCP discover or request messages to the appropriate
DHCP server.
DHCP Server
A server which uses DHCP to allocate network addresses and deliver configuration
parameters to dynamically configured hosts.
domain
A named group of machines on a network. In IP, a domain consists of a block of IP
addresses with similar prefixes.
downstream
In the direction of the customer premises.
DSL
Digital Subscriber Line. The non-loaded, local-loop copper connection between the
customer and the first node within the network.
DSL card
Digital Subscriber Line Card. The primary card in the Hotwire DSLAM system. It has one
Ethernet port and four DSL ports.
DSLAM
Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer. A platform for DSL modems that provides
high-speed data transmission with POTS over traditional twisted-pair wiring.
DSU/CSU
Data Service Unit/Channel Service Unit. A device that combines the functions of a DSU and
a CSU. It connects Data Terminal Equipment to the digital network, protects the line from
damage, and regenerates the signal.
Enterprise MIB
A MIB consisting of objects unique to a specific company’s devices.
Ethernet
A type of network that supports high-speed communication among systems. It is a
widely-implemented standard for LANs. All hosts are connected to a coaxial cable where
they contend for network access using a Carrier Sense, Multiple Access with Collision
Detection (CSMA/CD) paradigm.
Ethernet address
Another name for MAC address. The unique fixed address of a piece of hardware, normally
set at the time of manufacture and used in LAN protocols.
filter
A rule or set of rules applied to a specific interface to indicate whether a packet can be
forwarded or discarded.
firmware
Software that has been temporarily or permanently loaded into read-only memory.
FTP
File Transfer Protocol. A TCP/IP standard protocol that allows a user on one host to access
and transfer files to and from another host over a network, provided that the client supplies
a login identifier and password to the server.
full-duplex
The capability to transmit in two directions simultaneously.
FUNI
Frame based User-to-Network Interface.
gateway address
The subnet that the end-user system is on. This address, which is the e1a address of the
domain, is used as the return address when the authentication server responds.
GranDSLAM
A high-density DSLAM supporting a variety of DSL transport types and network services.
half-duplex
The capability to transmit in two directions, but not simultaneously.