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EM78P447N
8-Bit Microcontroller with OTP ROM
30 •
Product Specification (V1.1) 03.30.2005
(This specification is subject to change without further notice)
4.12 Instruction Set
Each instruction in the instruction set is a 13-bit word divided into an OP code and one
or more operands. Normally, all instructions are executed within one single instruction
cycle (one instruction consists of 2 oscillator periods), unless the program counter is
changed by instruction "MOV R2,A", "ADD R2,A", or by instructions of arithmetic or
logic operation on R2 (e.g. "SUB R2,A", "BS(C) R2,6", "CLR R2", ⋅⋅⋅⋅). In this case, the
execution takes two instruction cycles.
If for some reasons, the specification of the instruction cycle is not suitable for certain
applications, try modifying the instruction as follows:
(A) Change one instruction cycle to consist of 4 oscillator periods.
(B) Executed within two instruction cycles, "JMP", "CALL", "RET", "RETL", "RETI", or
the conditional skip ("JBS", "JBC", "JZ", "JZA", "DJZ", "DJZA") instructions which
were tested to be true. Also execute within two instruction cycles, the instructions
that are written to the program counter.
Case (A) is selected by the CODE Option bit, called CLK. One instruction cycle
consists of two oscillator clocks if CLK is low, and four oscillator clocks if CLK is high.
Note that once the 4 oscillator periods within one instruction cycle is selected as in
Case (A), the internal clock source to TCC should be CLK=Fosc/4, not Fosc/ 2 as
indicated in Fig. 5.
In addition, the instruction set has the following features:
(1) Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly.
(2) The I/O register can be regarded as general register. That is, the same instruction
can operate on I/O register.
The symbol "R" represents a register designator that specifies which one of the
registers (including operational registers and general purpose registers) is to be utilized
by the instruction. "b" represents a bit field designator that selects the value for the bit
which is located in the register "R", and affects operation. "k" represents an 8 or 10-bit
constant or literal value.