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178 Glossary
Load Balancing
Enables the even distribution of data and/or
processing packets across available network
resources. For example, load balancing may
distribute the incoming packets evenly to all servers,
or redirect the packets to the next available server.
M
MAC Address
Media Access Control Address
. The MAC Address is
a hardware specific address that identifies each
network node.
MAC Address Learning
MAC Address Learning characterizes a learning
bridge, in which the packet’s source MAC address is
recorded. Packets destined for that address are
forwarded only to the bridge interface on which that
address is located. Packets addressed to unknown
addresses are forwarded to every bridge interface.
MAC Address Learning minimizes traffic on the
attached LANs.
MAC Layer
A sub-layer of the
Data Link Control
(DTL) layer.
Mask
A filter that includes or excludes certain values, for
example parts of an IP address.
For example, Unit 2 is inserted in the first minute of
a ten-minute cycle, and Unit 1 is inserted in fifth
minute of the same cycle, the units are considered
the same age.
MD5
Message Digest 5.
An algorithm that produces a
128-bit hash. MD5 is a variation of MD4, and
increases MD4 security. MD5 verifies the integrity
of the communication, authenticates the origin of
the communication.
MDI
Media Dependent Interface
. A cable used for end
stations.
MDIX
Media Dependent Interface with Crossover
(MDIX)
. A cable used for hubs and switches.
MIB
Management Information Base
. MIBs contain
information describing specific aspects of network
components.
Multicast
Transmits copies of a single packet to multiple ports.
N
NMS
Network Management System.
An interface that
provides a method of managing a system.
Node
A network connection endpoint or a common
junction for multiple network lines. Nodes include:
•Processors
• Controllers
• Workstations