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EAP
The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) is an authentication protocol that supports
multiple methods, such as token cards, Kerberos, one-time passwords, certificates, public
key authentication, and smart cards.
Variations on EAP include EAP Cisco Wireless (LEAP), Protected EAP (PEAP), EAP-TLS, and
EAP Tunnelled TLS (EAP-TTLS).
ESS
An extended service set (ESS) is an Infrastructure Mode Wireless Networking Framework with
multiple access points, forming a single subnetwork that can support more clients than a
basic service set (BSS).
Each access point supports a number of wireless stations, providing broader wireless
coverage for a large space, for example, an office.
Ethernet
Ethernet is a local-area network (LAN) architecture supporting data transfer rates of 10 Mbps
to 1 Gbps.
The Ethernet specification is the basis for the IEEE 802.3 standard, which specifies the
physical and lower software layers. It uses the CSMA/CA access method to handle
simultaneous demands.
Ethernet supports data rates of 10 Mbps, Fast Ethernet supports 100 Mbps, and Gigabit
Ethernet supports 1 Gbps. Its cables are classified as “XbaseY”, where X is the data rate in
Mbps and Y is the category of cabling. The original cable was 10base5 (Thicknet or “Yellow
Cable”). Some others are 10base2 (Cheapernet), 10baseT (Twisted Pair), and 100baseT (Fast
Ethernet). The latter two are commonly supplied using CAT5 cabling with RJ-45
connectors. There is also 1000baseT (Gigabit Ethernet).
Frame
A Frame consists of a discrete portion of data along with some descriptive meta-information
packaged for transmission on a wireless network. Each frame includes a source and
destination MAC address, a control field with protocol version, frame type, frame sequence
number, frame body (with the actual information to be transmitted) and frame check
sequence for error detection. A Frame is similar in concept to a Packet, the difference being
that a packet operates on the Network layer (layer 3 in the OSI model) whereas a frame
operates on the Data-Link layer (layer 2 in the OSI model).
Gateway
A gateway is a network node that serves as an entrance to another network. A gateway
also often provides a proxy server and a firewall. It is associated with both a router, which
use headers and forwarding tables to determine where packets are sent, and a switch or
bridge, which provides the actual path for the packet in and out of the gateway.