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iSPAN PRI PCI ISDN Users Guide 133
Glossary
2B+D ◆ See BRI.
23B+D ◆ See PRI.
30B+D ◆ See PRI.
802.2 IEEE ◆ Standards that govern the LLC within the Data Link
layer of the OSI model. LLC frames carry user information between
the nodes on a network and define the transmission of a frame between
two stations. These standards are common across the various lower
level standards within the Data Link and the Physical layers.
802.3 IEEE ◆ Standards that govern the use of the CSMA/CD (Carrier
Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) network access method
used by Ethernet networks.
802.5 IEEE ◆ Standards that govern the use of the token ring indicator
and frame priority.
Adapter ◆ A device, usually a user interface card, that physically con-
nects an end station to the network medium (for example, twisted pair,
coaxial, fiber).
AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) ◆ PRI alarm, also known as Keep
Alive or Blue signal. An unframed all-ones signal sent to maintain
transmission continuity.
AMI (Alternate Mark Inversion) ◆ A method of digitally encoding data
as electrical signals on a link.
ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ◆ An organization
which coordinates, develops, and publishes standards used in the
United States.
AT&T 5ESS ◆ The name of a central office switch manufactured by
AT&T. These switches use Custom (proprietary) or National ISDN-1
(NI-1) software. ESS stands for Electronic Switching System.
Attenuation ◆ Signal power lost in a transmission medium as the sig-
nal travels from sender to receiver.
B8ZS (Bipolar with 8 Zeros Substitution) ◆ Α method of digitally
encoding data on a link. A modified form of AMI used in the USA.
bandwidth ◆ Capacity for transmitting data through a given circuit.
Generally, the greater the bandwidth, the more information can be sent
through a circuit during a given amount of time.