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Elements of IP Routing 4-5
Figure 4-4 Router Interfaces in the LANplex System
Routing Table A routing table allows a router or host to determine how to send a
packet toward the packet’s ultimate destination. The routing table
contains an entry for every destination network, subnet, or host to
which the router or host is capable of forwarding packets. A router or
host uses the routing table when the destination IP address of the
packet it is sending is not on a network or subnet to which it is directly
connected. The routing table provides the IP address of a router that
can forward the packet toward its destination.
The routing table consists of the following elements:
■ Destination IP Address — the destination network, subnet, or host
■ Subnet Mask — the subnet mask corresponding to the destination IP
address
■ Metric — a measure of the “distance” to the destination. In the Routing
Information Protocol (RIP), the metric is the number of hops.
■ Gateway — the IP address of the next hop router (the IP address of the
interface through which the packet travels)
■ Interface — the interface number through which a packet must travel
to reach that router
Figure 4-5 shows the routing table of the router in Figure 4-4.
158.101.1.1
158.101.1.2 158.101.2.2
158.101.2.1
Router
158.101.3.1
158.101.3.2
Network 1
Network 2
Network 3
12
3
Interface 1
IP Address
Interfaces
Interface