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24-port NWay Ethernet Switch User’s Guide
Switch Management Concepts 15
IP Addresses and SNMP Community Names
Each Switch has its own IP Address, which is used for communication with an SNMP network manager or other TCP/IP
application (for example BOOTP, TFTP). You can change the default Switch IP Address to meet the specification of your
networking address scheme.
In addition, you can also set an IP Address for a gateway router. This becomes necessary when the network management
station is located on a different IP network as the Switch, making it necessary for management packets to go through a
router to reach the network manager, and vice versa.
For security, you can set in the Switch a list of IP Addresses of the network managers that you allow to manage the Switch.
You can also change the default Community Name in the Switch and set access rights of these Community Names.
Traps
Traps are messages that alert you of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be as serious as a reboot (someone
accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status change. The Switch generates traps and sends them
to the network manager (trap managers). The following lists the types of events that can take place on the Switch.
◊ System resets
◊ Errors
◊ Status changes
◊ Topology changes
◊ Operation
You can also specify which network managers may receive traps from the Switch by setting a list of IP Addresses of the
authorized network managers.
Trap managers are special users of the network who are given certain rights and access in overseeing the maintenance of
the network. Trap managers will receive traps sent from the Switch; they must immediately take certain actions to avoid
future failure or breakdown of the network.
The following are trap types a trap manager will receive:
♦ Cold Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been powered up and initialized such that software settings
are reconfigured and hardware systems are rebooted. A cold start is different from a factory reset.
♦ Warm Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been rebooted, however the POST (Power On Self-Test) is
skipped.
♦ Authentication Failure This trap signifies that someone has tried to logon to the switch using an invalid
SNMP community name. The switch automatically stores the source IP address of the unauthorized user.
♦ New Root This trap indicates that the Switch has become the new root of the Spanning Tree, the trap is sent by a
bridge soon after its election as the new root. This implies that upon expiration of the Topology Change Timer the
new root trap is sent out immediately after the Switch’s selection as a new root.
♦ Topology Change A Topology Change trap is sent by the Switch when any of its configured ports transitions
from the Learning state to the Forwarding state, or from the Forwarding state to the Blocking state. The trap is not
sent if a new root trap is sent for the same transition.