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Chapter 5 Input/Output Interfaces
5.8.2 AC97 AUDIO CONTROLLER
The AC97 Audio Controller is a PCI device (device 6/function 0) that is integrated into the MCP
component and supports the following functions:
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
Read/write access to audio codec registers
16-bit stereo PCM output @ up to 48 KHz sampling
16-bit stereo PCM input @ up to 48 KHz sampling
Acoustic echo correction for microphone
AC’97 Link Bus
ACPI power management
5.8.3 AC97 LINK BUS
The audio controller and the audio codec communicate over a five-signal AC97 Link Bus (Figure
5-11). The AC97 Link Bus includes two serial data lines (SD OUT/SD IN) that transfer control
and PCM audio data serially to and from the audio codec using a time-division multiplexed
(TDM) protocol. The data lines are qualified by a 12.288 MHz BIT_CLK signal driven by the
audio codec. Data is transferred in frames synchronized by the 48-KHz SYNC signal, which is
derived from the clock signal and driven by the audio controller. The SYNC signal is high during
the frame’s tag phase then falls during T17 and remains low during the data phase. A frame
consists of one 16-bit tag slot followed by twelve 20-bit data slots. When asserted (typically
during a power cycle), the RESET- signal (not shown) will reset all audio registers to their default
values.
Bit 14
Bit 15
Slot 2 (Data) Slot 1 (Data) Slot 0 (Tag)
T58
T38 T39 T18 T19
Bit 19
Bit 18
Bit 19
Bit 18
Bit 19
Codec
Ready
T1 T2
Bit 0
Bit 0
Bit 0
BIT_CLK
(12.288 MHz)
SYNC
(48 KHz)
SD OUT
or SD IN
Slot Description
0 Bit 15: Frame valid bit
Bits 14-3: Slots 1-12 valid bits
Bits 2-0: Codec ID
1 Command address: Bit 19, R/W; Bits 18..12, reg. Index; Bits 11..0, reserved.
2 Command data
3 Bits 19-4: PCM audio data, left channel (SD OUT, playback; SD IN, record)
Bits 3-0 all zeros
4 Bits 19-4: PCM audio data, right channel (SD OUT, playback; SD IN, record)
Bits 3-0 all zeros
5 Modem codec data (not used in this system)
6-11 Reserved
12 I/O control
Figure 5-11. AC’97 Link Bus Protocol
5-28 Compaq D315 and hp d325 Personal Computers
Featuring the AMD Athlon XP Processor
Second Edition – April 2003