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Glossary 151
Glossary
I instrument
A device that accepts commands and performs a test or measurement
function.
interface
A connection and communication media between devices and
controllers, including mechanical, electrical, and protocol connections.
IP address
An Internet Protocol (IP) address is an identifier for a computer or device
on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route
messages based on the IP address of the destination. The format of an
IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers
separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example,
1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.
Within an isolated network, you can assign IP addresses at random as
long as each one is unique. However, connecting a private network to the
Internet requires using registered IP addresses (called Internet
addresses) to avoid duplicates. The four numbers in an IP address are
used in different ways to identify a particular network and a host on that
network. The InterNIC Registration Service assigns Internet addresses
from the following three classes.
Class A - supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks
Class B - supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks
Class C - supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks