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Colour rendering
dictionary A lookup table in PostScript that describes how to map colour from one
device to another. Also called CRD.
Colour separations A full colour image broken down into a series of single colour images of
the primary printing colours. This is most often the four process colour
images (CMYK), but may also include spot or specialty colours.
Colour space The range of colours that can be seen, displayed or printed. Also called
gamut.
Compression A technique to reduce the size of image files, reducing storage and
transmission requirements. There are two categories of compression:
lossy and loss-less. Lossy compression means that some data is
permanently removed during the compression, leading to a loss of
quality (the degradation of quality is linked to the amount of data
removed). Loss-less files are larger, but retain all original image data.
Consumable Any material, such as paper, ink or toner, that is used up (or consumed)
during the printing process.
Continuous tone An image that has an unbroken range of intensities, as found in black
and white photographs. Continuous tone images have not been
screened, and contain gradient tones from black to white.
Contone Short for continuous tone, an image that has an unbroken range of
intensities, as found in black and white photographs. Continuous tone
images have not been screened, and contain gradient tones from black
to white.
Contract proof A proof made as a true indicator of the final printed product. It is used
to secure final approval by the customer before a job is printed.
Conventional angle set In the colour separation process using AM screening, there are four
screens made of dots (one for each process colour). To avoid Moiré
patterns when two or more screen grids are combined, a rosette pattern
is used. To create this pattern, the four halftone screens must be placed
at different angles. The conventional angles are: Black at 45º, Magenta
at 75º, Cyan at 15º or 105º, Yellow at 0º or 90º.
Conventional printing A common term for offset printing.
Copies per minute A term commonly used with xerographic printing for measuring print
speed.
cpm Short for copies per minute.
CRD Short for colour rendering dictionary.
Creep A term used to describe how the gutter margin varies from page to page
when large signatures are folded and trimmed (the printed area moves
slightly with respect to other pages). Adjustments are made at the DFE
to correct for creep.
Crop marks Lines printed in the margins of a sheet to indicate where the sheet
should be trimmed.
G – 3
glossary