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Electrophotography The image transfer system used in printers and copiers where images are
produced using electrostatic forces. Electrical charges are used to create
an image on a photoconductive surface to which toner is attracted. The
toner is then transferred and fused to paper.
Embossing A process in which paper is pressed between two dies to raise a portion
of the printed image, creating a three dimensional image on the page.
EPS Short for Encapsulated PostScript. A file format designed to transfer
PostScript information between compatible applications. It provides the
highest quality images available from a PostScript output device.
Includes a PICT component to allow it to be displayed on a screen and
to print on a non-PostScript printer.
Fan-out Distortion of the paper on the press caused by wavy paper edges that
have absorbed excess moisture.
Finishing A term used to describe the process a job goes through after printing is
finished and before the job is distributed. Examples include scoring,
folding, trimming and binding.
FM screening A relatively new method for creating halftones. Stochastic screening
generates equal size dots that appear to be placed randomly. Advanced
algorithms are used to determine the optimum placement of dots so as
not to cause visual artifacts (such as moiré patterns). Registration on
press is slightly more difficult than with lined screens but the colours
can be very brilliant. The concepts of screen frequency and screen
angles do not apply with FM screening. Also called stochastic screening.
Folio sheet A US size for sheets used in sheet-fed offset presses. Images are laid
out in printer spreads from which they can be later cut and folded into
booklets, brochures, and so on. Common sizes include 25” x 38", 20” x
26", 19” x 25” and 23” x 35”.
Form A signature printed on one side only.
Formation Describes how paper fibres are distributed on a sheet.
Four-colour Printing with the four process colours – cyan, magenta, yellow and
black.
Full bleed An image that extends beyond all four edges of a page. Because no
printers are able to print to the edge of a sheet, the edges must be
trimmed after printing.
Gamut The range of colours that can be reproduce on a display or printer. Also
called colour space.
GCR Short for Grey Component Replacement. A method for replacing equal
combinations of cyan, magenta and yellow with black.
Ghosting The undesirable faint repetition of printed images. Can occur in offset
printing and digital printing.
GIF Short for Graphics Interchange Format. A graphics file format widely
used on the internet because of its small file size.
G – 5
glossary