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IP Subnetting 49
192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is the subnet itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask 255.255.255.128 is
the directed broadcast address for the first subnet. Therefore, the lowest IP address that can be assigned to an
actual host for the first subnet is 192.168.1.1 and the highest is 192.168.1.126. Similarly the host ID range for
the second subnet is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254.
Example: Four Subnets
The above example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a class “C” address space into two
subnets. Similarly to divide a class “C” address into four subnets, you need to “borrow” two host ID bits to
give four possible combinations of 00, 01, 10 and 11. The subnet mask is 26 bits
(11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192. Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving
2
6
-2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (all 0’s is the subnet itself, all 1’s is the broadcast address on the subnet).
Chart K-7 Subnet 1
NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 0
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001.
00000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111.
11000000
Subnet Address: 192.168.1.0 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1
Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.63 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62
Chart K-8 Subnet 2
NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE
IP Address 192.168.1. 64
IP Address (Binary) 11000000.10101000.00000001.
01000000
Subnet Mask (Binary) 11111111.11111111.11111111.
11000000
Subnet Address: 192.168.1.64 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65
Broadcast Address: 192.168.1.127 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126