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additive color model
A system in which colors are produced
by combining red, green, and blue
light (the additive primaries). An RGB
video monitor is based on an additive
color model.
additive primaries
Red, green, and blue light that is used
in additive color systems. When added
together in proper amounts, these
colors of light produce white.
artifact
A visible defect in an image, usually
caused by limitations in the input or
output process (hardware or software);
a blemish or error.
banding
Visible steps between shades in a color
gradient.
bit depth
Amount of information used for each
pixel in a raster image. Black and
white images require only one bit per
pixel. Grayscale images with 256
shades of gray require 8 bits (or 1
byte) per pixel. Photographic quality
color images can require 24 bits per
pixel (RGB images) or 32 bits per
pixel (CMYK images).
bitmap
An image comprised of small squares
arranged in a grid. Each square in the
grid is a pixel. The number of pixels
per inch defines the resolution of a
bitmap.
blasting
An undesirable effect that occurs
when excess amounts of toner,
possibly combined with certain types
of paper stock, cause objects in an
image to spread beyond its boundaries
as defined in the file.
BMP
A graphics file format established by
Microsoft and native to the Windows
operating system.
calibration
The process of ensuring that a device
behaves consistently with respect to a
set of specifications.
CMS
See color management system.
CMYK
A subtractive color model that uses
cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, or
process colors, used in color printing;
a color model used in the printing of
colors in four-color process printing.
color channel
A single-color image that can be
edited separately from the other color
channels comprising a color space—
for example, the red channel of an
RGB image.
color gamut
See gamut.
color management system (CMS)
System used to match color across
different input, display, and output
devices.
Glossary