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Appendix G: Glossary
10/100 16-Port VPN Router
Dynamic IP Address - A temporary IP address assigned by a DHCP server.
EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A general authentication protocol used to control network access.
Many specific authentication methods work within this framework.
EAP-PEAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol) - A mutual
authentication method that uses a combination of digital certificates and another system, such as passwords.
EAP-TLS (Extensible Authentication Protocol-Transport Layer Security) - A mutual authentication method that
uses digital certificates.
Encryption - Encoding data to prevent it from being read by unauthorized people.
Ethernet - An IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common
transmission medium.
Finger - A program that tells you the name associated with an e-mail address.
Firewall - Security measures that protect the resources of a local network from intruders.
Firmware - 1. In network devices, the programming that runs the device. 2. Programming loaded into read-only
memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM) that cannot be altered by end-users.
Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot
support the original size of the packet.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - A standard protocol for sending files between computers over a TCP/IP network and
the Internet.
Full Duplex - The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway - A system that interconnects networks.
Half Duplex - Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
Hardware - The physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices.
HTTP (HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.