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external commands — The utility programs of an operating
system (for example,
MS-DOS) that enable you to perform
occasional operations such as copying an entire floppy or
partitioning a hard drive.
external devices — The devices, usually for input and
output, connected to your computer to increase its
capability and usefulness. Examples include printers and
modems.
file — A group of organized data assembled for one
particular purpose, considered as one unit, and stored in
permanent offline storage, such as a drive or tape.
filename — A name that distinguishes one file from
another; may consist of alphabetical characters, numeric
characters, or a combination of both.
firmware — The software that is built into the hardware of a
computer and controls the functions of the hardware.
fixed drive — See hard drive.
floppy — A flexible, flat, circular medium that magnetically
records and provides access to stored data. It is divided into
concentric circular tracks and wedge-shaped sectors. The
diskette is sealed in a protective square envelope that is
lined with a soft material that cleans as the diskette
rotates. The cover has several openings and notches to
accommodate the drive.
formatting — The preparation of various types of magnetic
media to accept data. For example, before you can use
floppies, track and sector information must be set for the
controller. After the floppy is formatted, it can be used for
normal input-output and retrieval operations.
Glossary
8 Glossary