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Glossary 7
Abbreviation for gigabyte(s). A gigabyte
equals 1,024 megabytes or
1,073,741,824 bytes.
See coprocessor.
A video mode that can be defined as
x
horizontal by
y
vertical pixels by
z
colors.
As it relates to DMI, a group is a data struc-
ture that defines common information, or
attributes, about a manageable
component.
Acronym for graphical user interface.
Abbreviation for hexadecimal. A base-16
numbering system, often used in pro-
gramming to identify addresses in the
computer’s RAM and I/O memory ad-
dresses for devices. The sequence of
decimal numbers from 0 through 16, for
example, is expressed in hexadecimal no-
tation as: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B,
C, D, E, F, 10. In text, hexadecimal num-
bers are often followed by
h
.
A metal plate with metal pegs or ribs
that help dissipate heat. Most micro-
processors include a heat sink.
Abbreviation for high memory area. The
first 64 KB of extended memory above
1 MB. A memory manager that conforms
to the XMS can make the HMA a direct
extension of conventional memory. See
also upper memory area and XMM.
A host adapter implements communica-
tion between the computer’s bus and the
controller for a peripheral device. (Hard-
disk drive controller subsystems include
integrated host adapter circuitry.)
Abbreviation for the High Performance
File System option in the OS/2 and Win-
dows NT operating systems.
Abbreviation for hertz.
Abbreviation for Interface-Causing Equip-
ment Standard (in Canada).
Abbreviation for ISA Configuration Utility.
Abbreviation for input/output. The key-
board is an input device, and a printer is
an output device. In general, I/O activity
can be differentiated from computational
activity. For example, when a program
sends a document to the printer, it is en-
gaging in output activity; when the
program sorts a list of terms, it is engaging
in computational activity.
Abbreviation for identification.
A technique for increasing video resolu-
tion by only updating alternate horizontal
lines on the screen. Because interlacing
can result in noticeable screen flicker,
most users prefer noninterlaced video
adapter resolutions.
An instruction and data cache built in to
the microprocessor. The Intel Pentium
microprocessor includes a 16-KB internal
cache, which is set up as an 8-KB read-
only instruction cache and an 8-KB read/
write data cache.
Acronym for Internetwork Packet
eXchange.
Acronym for Internetwork Packet
eXchange/Sequenced Packet eXchange