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12 Dell Precision 210 Desktop Systems User’s Guide
An operating mode supported by 80286
or higher microprocessors, real mode im-
itates the architecture of an 8086
microprocessor.
The rate at which the monitor redraws the
video image on the monitor screen. More
precisely, the refresh rate is the frequen-
cy, measured in Hz, at which the screen’s
horizontal lines are recharged (sometimes
also referred to as its
vertical frequency
).
The higher the refresh rate, the less video
flicker can be seen by the human eye. The
higher refresh rates are also
noninterlaced.
Abbreviation for radio frequency
interference.
Abbreviation for red/green/blue.
Acronym for read-only memory. Your
computer contains some programs es-
sential to its operation in ROM code.
Unlike RAM, a ROM chip retains its
contents even after you turn off your com-
puter. Examples of code in ROM include
the program that initiates your computer’s
boot routine and the POST.
Abbreviation for revolutions per minute.
Abbreviation for real-time clock. Battery-
powered clock circuitry inside the
computer that keeps the date and time
after you turn off the computer.
Abbreviation for synchronous dynamic
random-access memory. SDRAM is a
memory technology that improves the
performance of your system’s memory
subsystem by reducing the need for wait
states. SDRAM devices have a synchro-
nous interface to the devices to which
they are connected and are governed by
the system clock. These features reduce
the need for wait states often required for
conventional memory devices to ensure
that timing signals have been set up
correctly.
In equivalent configurations, a computer
with SDRAM will have faster memory per-
formance than a computer with EDO
memory.
Abbreviation for second(s).
Abbreviation for single-edge contact.
Newer Intel processors, such as the Pen-
tium II processor, use this type of
connector as an interface between the
processor and the system board.
An I/O port used most often to connect a
modem to your computer. You can usually
identify a serial port on your computer by
its 9-pin connector.
A bar code label on the computer that
identifies it when you call Dell for custom-
er or technical support.
A computer’s system and video
BIOS code is usually stored on ROM
chips. Shadowing refers to the
performance-enhancement technique
that copies BIOS code to faster RAM
chips in the upper memory area (above
640 KB) during the boot routine.
Abbreviation for Single Instruction Multi-
ple Data.
Acronym for single in-line memory mod-
ule. A small circuit board containing
DRAM chips that connects to the system
board.
Acronym for Self-Monitoring Analysis and
Reporting Technology. A technology that
allows hard-disk drives to report errors
and failures to the system BIOS, which
then displays an error message on the