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136 CHAPTER 6: MULTICAST PROTOCOL
[SW7750-vlan-interface12]pim dm
Configuring PIM-SM PIM-SM (Protocol Independent Multicast, Sparse Mode) belongs to sparse mode
multicast routing protocols. PIM-SM is mainly applicable to large-scale networks
with broad scope and few group members.
Different from the flood & prune principle of the dense mode, PIM-SM assumes
that all hosts do not need to receive multicast packets, unless clear request is put
forward.
PIM-SM uses the RP (Rendezvous Point) and the BSR (Bootstrap Router) to
advertise multicast information to all PIM-SM routers and uses the join/prune
information of the router to build the RP-rooted shared tree (RPT). This helps to
reduce the bandwidth occupied by data packets and control packets, and reduces
the process overhead of the router. Multicast data flows along the shared tree to
the network segments. When data traffic is sufficient, the multicast data flow
switches over to the SPT (Shortest Path Tree) rooted on the source. This reduces
network delay. To perform the RPF check, PIM-SM does not depend on the
specified unicast routing protocol but uses the present unicast routing table.
Running PIM-SM, you would need to configure candidate RPs and BSRs. The BSR
is responsible for collecting the information from the candidate RP and advertising
the information.
Configuring PIM-SM is described in the following sections:
■ PIM-SM Operating Principles
■ Preparing to Configure PIM-SM
■ Configuring PIM-SM
PIM-SM Operating
Principles
The PIM-SM working process is as follows: neighbor discovery, building the
RP-rooted shared tree (RPT), multicast source registration and SPT switchover etc.
The neighbor discovery mechanism is the same as that of PIM-DM.
Build the RP shared tree (RPT)
When hosts join a multicast group G, the leaf routers send IGMP messages to
learn the receivers of the multicast group G. The leaf routers calculate the
corresponding rendezvous point (RP) for multicast group G, and then send join
messages to the node of a higher level toward the rendezvous point (RP). Each
router along the path, between the leaf routers and the RP, will generate (*, G)
entries in the forwarding table, indicating that all packets sent to multicast group
G are applicable. When the RP receives packets sent to multicast group G, the
packets will be sent to leaf routers along the path built and then reach the hosts.
In this way, an RP-rooted tree (RPT) is built as shown in
Figure 34.