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Advanced Techniques
●
Avoiding long modifiers
In Japanese, a modificand is placed after a modifier and long modifying expressions or
parallel modifiers make it difficult to identify the modificand. In English, on the other hand,
relative pronouns are used to indicate long modifying phrases. If original text is difficult to
interpret, however, its translation will also be difficult.
■ Making clear original text
●
Not omitting subject or object
In Japanese sentences, it may be possible to assume an omitted subject, object or
predicative from the context. A person other than its writer, however, may not be able to
comprehend such a sentence, which is therefore difficult to translate.
Action
⇒ Avoiding consecutive modifiers
⇒ Dividing a sentence to clarify modification
Ex.
×
誤用、 変更、 断線、 事故、 あるいは不適切なメ ンテナンスによ っ て起こ る故障に
対する修理および調整は保証でき ません。
Neither the repair nor the adjustment of the breakdown that happens because of a
misuse, a change, a disconnection, an accident or improper maintenance are
warrantable.
○
以下の事項によっ て起こ る故障に対する修理および調整は保証でき ません。
誤用、 変更、 断線、 事故、 あるいは不適切なメ ンテナンス。
Neither the repair nor the adjustment of the breakdown that happens because of
the following matters are warrantable.
Misuse, change, disconnection, accident or improper maintenance.
Action
⇒ Changing an adnominal modifying form to an adverbial form
Ex.
×
入出力障害が発生し た場合のオペレータの最初の作業は、 障害媒体の復旧であ
る。
The first work of the operator when the I/O trouble occurs is restoration of the
trouble medium.
○
入出力障害が発生し た場合、 最初にオペレ ータ は障害媒体を復旧する。
When the I/O trouble occurs, the operator restores the trouble medium first.
Action
⇒ Adding a subject or object
Ex.
×
順を追っ て記述する 。
It sequentially describes it.
○
順を追っ て機能を記述する。
The function is sequentially described.
Action
⇒ Adding a predicative
Ex.
×
会員は 3 万円、 非会員は 4 万円の参加費が必要。
The member is 30,000 yen, and the participation expense of 40,000 yen is
necessary for the nonmember.
○
会員は 3 万円が必要で、 非会員は 4 万円の参加費が必要。
30,000 yen is necessary for the member, and the participation expense of 40,000
yen is necessary for the nonmember.