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500 CHAPTER 33: IP MULTICAST
Class D address is 1110, the range of the multicast addresses is from 224.0.0.0 to
239.255.255.255.
The multicast group can be either permanent or temporary. The permanent group
has a constant group address assigned by IANA, while the number of members in
the group can be random, even zero. Temporary multicast groups can use that
group address, which is not reserved, but the number of members in the
temporary multicast group cannot be zero.
The range and meaning of Class D address are as follows:
Table 574 Range and Meaning of Class D Addresses
The reserved multicast addresses, which are frequently used, are as follows:
Table 575 List for Reserved Multicast Addresses
The multicast protocol changes the Class D address into the hardware/media
address. For example, in an Ethernet MAC address, the range of the reserved
corresponding Ethernet addresses that IANA obtains the IEEE-802 MAC is from
01-00-5e-00-00-00 to 01-00-5E-ff-ff-ff.
IP Multicast Features In simple TCP/IP routing, the path of a data packet transmission is from the source
address to the destination address following the principle of hop-by-hop. But in
Class D address range Meaning
224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 Reserved multicast address (Permanent group
address)
224.0.1.0 to 238.255.255.255 Subscriber available multicast address (Temporary
group address)
239.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 The multicast address not managed or at specific
locations
Class D address range Meaning
224.0.0.0 Reference addresses (reserved)
224.0.0.1 All systems on this subnet
224.0.0.2 All routers on this subnet
224.0.0.3 Not for distribution
224.0.0.4 DVMRP routers
224.0.0.5 OSPF routers
224.0.0.6 OSPF DR
224.0.0.7 ST routers
224.0.0.8 ST hosts
224.0.0.9 RIP-2 routers
224.0.0.11 Active agents
224.0.0.12 DHCP Server/trunk agent
224.0.0.13 All the PIM routers
224.0.0.14 RSVP encapsulation
224.0.0.15 All the CBT routers
224.0.0.16 Assigned SBM
224.0.0.17 All the SBMS
224.0.0.18 VRRP
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